ENGLISH LESSONS 

for ihe 

Jute Industry 

INCLUDING COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES 



Ludlow Manufacturing Associates- 



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ENGLISH LESSONS 

FOR THE JUTE INDUSTRY 

INCLUDING COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES 



COMPILED BY 

CHARLES H. PAULL 

BUREAU OF VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE 
HARVARD UNIVERSITY 

IN ASSOCUTION WITH 

ALFRED KATZ 

AND MANY OTHER EMPLOYEES OF THE 
LUDLOW MANUFACTURING ASSOCIATES 



LUDLOW, MASSACHUSETTS 
September 191 9 



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COPYRIGHT, 1920, BY 
THE LUDLOW MANUFACTURING ASSOCIATES 



hhb 18 1920 



)CI A5K1892 



PRINTED AT THE PLIMPTON PRESS, NORWOOD, MASS., U. S A. 



FOREWORD 

These lessons have been prepared to offer to those workers in the jute 
industry who are not familiar with English an opportunity to study the language 
of their work and of their community. The first 40 lessons of the series have 
been prepared so that by following the outlines preceding the text the reader 
will be able to follow the making of various jute products in the natural order 
of operations. The last 20 lessons include material less definitely connected 
with manufacture. Many of them are community lessons which, besides offer- 
ing training in vocabulary, present subject matter of common interest both to 
workers and to those who live at home. 

In preparing the lessons the purpose has been to present a certain amount 
of technical vocabulary without overloading sentences with unfamiliar words. 
The effort has been made to use simple verbs which are repeated frequently 
and which will be of value to the worker both in his job and in his home life. 

These lessons represent a community project rather than the work of a 
single individual, inasmuch as many Ludlow people have generously con- 
tributed of their knowledge throughout the entire two months during which 
the lessons were being compiled. 

Illustrations used in lessons 37 and 40 have been reproduced through the 
courtesy of the Bureau of Plant Industry, United States Department of Agri- 
culture and the Bigelow-Hartford Carpet Company, Thompsonville, Conn, 
respectively. 

C. H. P. 
A. K. 
Ludlow, Mass. 
September, 1919. 



Lesson Series I 

THE MAKING OF JUTE TWINE AND YARN 

Lesson 
Numbers 

1. Jute Growing 1 

2. Grading, Packing and Shipping 2 

3. Receiving and Opening 3 

4. Bale Brealting (Machine) 5 

5. Softening 4 

6. Carding 6 

7. Carding (concluded) 7 

8. Carding Safety 8 

9. Lapping ( yam only ) 9 

10. Drawing ( two drawings) 10 

11. Roving 11 

12. Doffing (card room) 12 

13. Spinning 13 

14. Doffing ( spinning room) 14 

15. Reeling (yam only) 15 

16. Tube and Skein Winding (no twine is skein wound) 16 

17. Twisting 18 

18. PoUshing (substitute " twine " for " marline ") (twine only) 24 

19. Balling ( twine only) 25 

20. Finished products 39 

21. Finished products 40 

Note: See footnote under Lesson Series V. 



Lesson Series II 
THE MAKING OF JUTE WEBBING 



Lesson 
Numbers 



1. Jute Growing 1 

2. Grading, Packing and Shipping 2 

3. Receiving and Opening 3 

4. Bale Breaking (Machine) 4 

5. Softening 5 

6. Carding 6 

7. Carding (concluded) 7 

8. Carding Safety 8 

9. Drawing 10 

10. Roving 11 

11. Doffing (card room) 12 

12. Spinning 13 

13. Doffing (spinning room) 14 

14. Reeling 15 

15. Tube and Skein Winding 16 

16. Filling Winding (only) (cop winding may be taken with this lesson if desired) 17 

17. Twisting 18 

18. Dressing and Weaving 19 

19. Weaving 20 

20. Finished Products 39 

21. Finished Products 40 



Lesson Series III 
THE MAKING OF MARLINE PRODUCTS 



Lesson 
Numbers 



1. Jute Growing 1 

2. Grading, Packing and Shipping 2 

„ „ . . . ^ . \ (Lesson 3, sentences 1 10) . 3 and 21 

3. Receivmg and Opening I 

' (Lesson 21, sentences 1-7) 

.1 T-. ui e^fi • ^ (Lesson 5, sentences 1-16) 5 and 21 

4. Double Softening ] ' ^ 

f (Lesson 21, sentences 8-11) 

5. Double Breaker Carding \ (Lesson 21, sentences 12 16) 6 and 21 

Carding } ("Lesson 6, sentences 3-15) 

6. Carding (continued) 7 

7. Carding Safety 8 

8. Drawing 10 

9. Roving 11 

10. Doffing (card room) 12 

11. Twisting 18 

12. Tubing 22 

13. Laying 23 

14. Polishing 24 

15. Balling (substitute " marline " for " twine " and omit sentences 12-14) 25 

16. Ball Binding and Winding on Reels 26 

17. Finished Products 39 

18. Finished Products 40 



Lesson Series IV 
THE MAKING OF GUNNY PRODUCTS 



Lesson 
Numbers 



1. Jute Growing 1 

2. Grading, Packing and Shipping 2 

3. Receiving (sentences 1 10) 3 

4. Bale Opening 27 

5. Butt Picking and Batching 28 

6. Line and Jute Picking 29 

7. Breaker Carding 30 

8. Finisher Carding 31 

9. Carding Safety 8 

10. Roving 32 

11. Doffing (card room) 12 

12. Quilling 33 

13. Gunny Weaving 34 

14. Rolling '. 35 

15. Rolling (concluded) 36 

16. Finished Products 39 

17. Finished Products 40 



Lesson Series V 
THE MAKING OF HEMP TWINE 



Lesson 
Numbers 



1. Receiving, Opening and Softening 37 

2. Softening (concluded I 38 

3. Carding 6 

4. Carding (continued) 7 

5. Carding ~ Safety 8 

6. Drawing (three drawing operations for hemp) 10 

7. Roving 11 

8. Doffing (card room) 12 

9. Spinning 13 

10. Doffing (spinning room) 14 

11. Reeling 15 

12. Tube and Skein Winding 16 

13. Twisting 18 

14. Polishing (substitute " twine " for " marline ") 24 

15. Balling ' 25 

16. Finished Products 39 

17. Finished Products 40 

Note: This series may be combined with Lesson Series I by combining the intro- 
ductory lessons. The important thing to remember is that hemp goes directly from the 
bale to the softener. 

The preceding Lesson Series should be supplemented by lessons 
selected from the last twenty pages of the text. The teacher should use 
judgment in selecting the lessons most suited to the class. The supple- 
mentary lessons should include some from the group Lessons 41, 42, 43, 44, 
46, 47, 51 and 52. Lessons 51 and 52 are particularly important. Excellent 
results will be obtained by introducing a supplementary lesson from time 
to time in the industrial series, thereby adding variety of subject matter. 



LESSON 1 



JUTE 



JUTE GROWING 



RAW STOCK 





JUTE CRDWINO IN INDIA 



PULLING OFF FIBER FROM RETTED JUTE 



grows 

grows 

is hot 

plant 

grows 

grows 



1. Jute grows in hot countries. 

2. Jute grows in India. 

3. It is hot in India. 

4. The growers plant jute in the spring. 

5. The jute grows fast. 

6. It grows high. 



is high 

are 

cut 

put 

leave 

rots 

pull 

send 



7. In September it is twelve feet high. 

8. There are flowers on the jute plants. 

9. The growers cut down the jute plants. 

10. They put the jute plants under water. 

11. They leave them under water. 

12. The water rots part of the plants. 

13. They pull off the fiber. 

14. They send the jute fiber to Calcutta. 



LESSON 2 



ENGLISH LESSONS FOR THE JUTE INDUSTRY 




Map Showing Route taken by Jute-laden Steamers bringing Fiber from the Ludlow 

Manufacturing Associates' Agency in Calcutta to their Mills in 

Ludlow, Mass., U.S.A. 



Distances : Calcutta to Port Said 
Port Said to Gibraltar 
Gibraltar to Boston 

Boston to Ludlow (rail) 
Total 



4750 miles 
1920 " 
3200 " 

9870 " 
92 " 

^962 " 



LESSON 2 



JUTE 



GRADING, PACKING AND SHIPPING 



RAW STOCK 



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BALING JUTE IN INDU 



LOADING BALES OF JUTE ON STEAMBOAT IN INDIA 



comes 1. Jute comes to Calcutta in boats. 

take 2, Men take the jute to the presshouse. 

put 3. Sorters put one kind of jute in one bale. 

put 4. They put another kind of jute in another bale. 

press 5. Other men press the jute in the bales. 

press 6. They press the jute very hard. 

put 7. They put on the bale mark. 

tie 8. They tie the bale with jute ropes. 

are not large 9. The bales are not large. 

weighs 10. A bale of jute weighs four hundred (400) pounds. 



put 
brings 



11. They put the jute on a steamboat. 

12. The steamboat brings the jute to Boston. 

13. It is almost ten thousand (10,000) miles from Calcutta to Boston. 



LESSON 3 



JUTE 



RECEIVING AND OPENING 



YARN, TWINE 
AND WEBBING 





UNLOADING JUTE FROM FREIGHT CAR 



JUTE BALES IN A STOCKHOUSE 



comes 

come 

take 

take 

weighs 

puts 

trucks 

is 

looks 

puts 



work 

take 

cut 

is hard 

pull 



1. Jute comes from Boston to Ludlow in freight cars. 

2. Many cars of jute come to Ludlow in one day. 

3. We take some of the jute into the stockhouses. 

4. We take some of the jute into the mills. 

5. A bale of jute weighs four hundred (400) pounds. 

6. Joe puts the bale of jute on a hand truck. 

7. Joe trucks the bale of jute into the stockhouse. 

8. There is a bale mark on the bale of jute. 

9. Joe looks at the bale mark. 
10. He puts all the bales with 



400 INDIA 
1918-19 

LUDLOW 
III 



on them in one pile. 



11. I work on a bale breaker. 

12. I take bales of jute to the bale breaker. 

13. I cut the ropes on a bale with a hatchet. 

14. The bale is hard. 

15. I pull the bale into pieces with my hands. 




BALE BREAKING (Machine) 



YARN, TWINE 
AND WEBBING 



lif^ 




'I 



FEEDING JUTE INTO BALE BREAKER 



PIECER MAKING HEADS OF JUTE 



put 
are 
are 
call 
loosen 



1. I put the pieces of jute on the feed sheet of the bale breaker. 

2. There are heavy rolls on the bale breaker. 

3. There are long grooves on the rolls of the bale breaker. 

4. I call the rolls fluted rolls. 

5. The rolls loosen the jute. 



sticks 6. The jute sticks in the rolls. 

do not pull 7. I do not pull it out. 

stop 8. I stop the bale breaker. 

pull 9. Then I pull out the jute. 

do not crush 10. The rolls do not crush my hand. 

fall 11. The heads of jute fall on an apron. 

takes 12. The apron takes the jute to the piecers. 



IS 

makes 

puts 

takes 



13. John is a piecer. 

14. He makes the jute into small heads. 

15. He puts the heads into a box. 

16. The box man takes the jute to the softener. 



JUTE 



SOFTENING YARN, TWINE, WEBBING 

AND MARLINE 




CATCHER TAKING JUTE FROM A SOFTENER 



must make 1. We must make jute very soft. 

feed 2. I feed the heads of jute into the softener. 

are 3. There are many rolls on the softener. 

are 4. There are long grooves in the rolls. 

soften 5. The rolls soften the jute. 

must keep 6. I must keep the gear covers on. 

wets 7. The softener wets the jute with emulsion. 

softens 8. The emulsion softens the jute. 



is 9. Joe is a catcher. 

stands 10. He stands at the end of the softener. 

takes out 11. He takes out the heads of jute. 

puts 12. He puts the heads into boxes. 

puts 13. He puts eleven heads in a row. 

puts 14. He puts one head across the row. 

are 15. There are twelve heads of jute in a dollop. 

takes 16. A box man takes the jute to the end of the room. 



LESSON 6 



JUTE AND HEMP 



CARDING 




YARN, TWINE 
AND MARLINE 



SPREADING JUTE ON A BREAKER CARD 




PACKING hLlVER INTO CANS AT THE FRONT 
OF A BREAKER CARD 



work 

work 

cleans and combs 

spread 

watch 

has 

put 



1. I work in the card room. 

2. I work on a breaker card. 

3. A card cleans and combs the jute fiber. 

4. I spread the heads evenly on the feed sheet. 

5. I watch the clock on the card. 

6. The clock has twelve numbers. 

7. I put a head on the feed sheet for each number. 



takes 

take 

has 

comb 

have 

comb 

comb 

falls 



8. The feed sheet takes the jute to the feed rolls. 

9. The feed rolls take the jute to the cylinder. 

10. The cylinder has many pins on it. 

11. The pins comb the jute. 

12. The worker and stripper rolls have many pins. 

13. The worker rolls comb the jute from the cylinder. 

14. The stripper rolls comb the jute from the worker rolls. 

15. The dirt falls to the bottom of the breaker card. 



JUTE AND HEMP 



CARDING (Concluded) 




YARN, TWINE 
AND MARLINE 



FEEDING SLIVER INTO A FINISHER CARD 



takes 

take 

press 

falls 

is full 

push 

push 



1. The doffer roll takes the clean jute from the cylinder. 

2. The drawing rolls take the jute to the conductor. 

3. The condenser rolls press the jute into a sliver. 

4. The sliver falls into a can. 

5. The can is full. 

6. I push in an empty can. 

7. I push the full can to the finisher card. 



is like 
are small 
takes 

straightens 
makes 



8. A finisher card is like a breaker card. 

9. The pins on the cylinder and rolls are small. 

10. The finisher card takes more dirt from the jute. 

11. The finisher card straightens some of the jute fiber. 

12. The finisher card makes the sliver more smooth. 



stops 13. The machinery stops. 

oils 14. The oiler oils my card. 

do not catch 15. The gears do not catch his hand. 



JUTE AND HEMP 



CARDING 



SAFETY 





DO NOT CLEAN GEARS WHEN A 
CARD IS RUNNING 



ALWAYS CLEAN PINS WITH A PICKER 



cleaned 1. Joe cleaned the gears on his card. 

did not stop 2. He did not stop the card. 

opened 3. He opened the cage around the gears. 

caught 4. The gears caught his hand. 

has 5. Now Joe has only two fingers on his hand. 

lifted 6. John lifted the cylinder cover on his card. 

did not stop 7. He did not stop the card. 

picked 8. He picked some jute from the rolls. 

caught 9. The pins on the rolls caught his sleeve. 

tore 10. The rolls tore his arm terribly. 

has 11. Now John has only one arm. 



caught fire 12. Stanley's card caught fire. 

do not stop 13. The overseer said: " Stanley, do not stop your card. 

took 14. Stanley took the cans away from the card. 

put 15. Stanley put water on the floor under his card. 

went out 16. The fire went out. 

did right 17. The overseer said: " Stanley, you did right." 



LESSON 9 



JUTE 



LAPPING 



YARN AND TWINE 





TENDING A LAPPER 



PASSING AN END OF LAP INTO A 
FINISHER CARD 



goes 

works 

comes 

stops 

pulls 

winds 

pulls 

winds 

presses 

keeps 



1. Some jute goes through a lapper in Mill Number Ten. 

2. Mary works on a lapper. 

3. The jute comes from the breaker card. 

4. Mary stops the lapper. 

5. She pulls three ends of jute under the press roll. 

6. She winds the jute on the lap stick. 

7. She pulls the shipper. 

8. The lap stick winds up the jute. 

9. The press roll presses the jute on the lap stick. 
10. Mary always keeps up the three ends on the lap. 



is full 11. The lap stick is full. 

rings 12. The bell rings. 

stops 13. Mary stops the lapper. 

takes off 14. She takes off the full lap. 

takes 15. The trucker takes the lap to the finisher card. 



16. There are three laps on the front of the finisher card. 



LESSON 10 



JUTE AND HEMP 



DRAWING YARN, TWINE 

WEBBING AND MARLINE 



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FRONT OF A FIRST DRAWING 
FRAME — STARTING THE FRAME 



FRONT AND BACK OF SECOND DRAWING 
FRAME — STARTING THE FRAME 



is 1. My drawing frame is in the card room, 

work 2. I work on a first (or push bar) drawing frame, 

works 3. Rose works on a second (or spiral) drawing frame, 

must feed 4. I must feed the sliver to the feed rolls. 

breaks 5. A sliver breaks. 

stops 6. The machine stops. 

piece 7. I piece the ends of the sliver. 

start 8. I start my machine. 

must keep 9. I must keep my hands outside the rolls. 

must not put 10. I must not put my fingers on the faller bars. 

comes 11. The sliver comes out through the delivery rolls. 

falls 12. The sliver falls into the cans. 

makes 13. The drawing frame makes the fiber straight. 

makes 14. The drawing frame makes the sliver even. 



must brush out 15. I must brush out my machine. 



LESSON 11 



JUTE AND HEMP 



ROVING 



YARN, TWINE 
WEBBING AND MARLINE 




A ROVER REMOVING ROLLS 



brings 

work 

must watch 

is empty 

put 

piece 

must keep away 



1. Anna brings the cans of sliver from the drawing frame. 

2. I work on a roving frame. 

3. I must watch the cans of sliver at the back of the roving frame. 

4. A can is empty. 

5. I put in a full can. 

6. I piece the end of the new sliver to the end in the roving frame. 

7. I must keep my fingers away from the rolls and pins. 



is thin 8. The rove is thin. 

breaks 9. The rove breaks. 

must keep up 10. I must keep up the ends. 

twists 11. The flyer on the roving frame twists the rove. 

winds 12. The flyer winds the rove on bobbins. 

turn 13. The bobbins and the flyer turn on a spindle. 

carries 14. The builder rail carries the bobbins up and down. 

wind up 15. The bobbins wind up the rove evenly. 



LESSON 12 



JUTE AND HEMP 



DOFFING (Card Room) 



YARN, TWINE 

WEBBING, MARLINE 

AND BAGGING 




DOFFING A ROVING FRAME 



IS 

are full 
puts 
pushes 
stops 



1. Mary is a rover. 

2. The bobbins are full. 

3. Mary puts up the doffing signal. 

4. She pushes the shipper. 

5. The roving frame stops. 



blows 6. The head doffer blows a whistle. 

come 7. The doffers come to the roving frame. 

am 8. I am a doffer. 

throw back 9. I throw back the steadier carefully. 

bredk 10. I break the ends on the bobbins. 

take off 11. I take off the flyers. 

take off 12. I take the full bobbins off the spindles. 

put 13. I put empty bobbins on the spindles. 

put back 14. I put back the flyers and the steadiers. 

turn 15. I turn the ends around the bobbins. 



winds 



16. Mary winds the rack slowly. 



LESSON 13 



JUTE AND HEMP 



SPINNING 



YARN, TWINE 
AND WEBBING 




SPINNER PIECING AN END 



works 

puts 

puts 

puts 

puts 

puts 

spins 

winds 



1. Anna works on a spinning frame. 

2. She puts the rove bobbins on the creel. 

3. She puts the rove into the retaining rolls. 

4. She puts it between the drawing rolls. 

5. She puts the rove through the conductor. 

6. She puts the yarn through the eye of the flyer. 

7. The flyer spins the yarn. 

8. The flyer winds the yarn on bobbins. 



doffs 
helps 



9. Anna doffs her frame. 
10. Another spinner helps Anna. 



cleans 11. On Friday Anna cleans the gears. 

stop 12. All the spinning frames stop for cleaning. 

cleaned 13. One day Rose cleaned the gears on her spinning frame. 

was running 14. The machinery was running. 

cut off 15. The gears cut off three of her fingers. 



LESSON U 



JUTE AND HEMP 



DOFFING (Spinning Room) 



YARN, TWINE 
AND WEBBING 




DOFFING A SPINNING FRAME 



sees 
blows 
stops 
come 



1. The head doffer sees the full bobbins on Mary's spinning frame. 

2. The head doffer blows her whistle. 

3. She stops the spinning frame. 

4. The doffers come to the spinning frame. 



am 5. I am a doffer. 

lift up 6. I lift up the thread guide plates carefully. 

break 7. I break the ends of yarn. 

throw back 8. I throw back the ends. 

hit 9. I hit the flyers with a knocker. 

throw off 10. I throw off the temper bands. 

take off 11. I take the flyers off the spindles. 

take off 12. I take off the full bobbins. 

put on 13. I put on empty bobbins. 

put back 14. I put back the flyers and temper bands. 

thread 15. I thread the flyers. 

drop 16. I drop the thread guide plate carefully. 



starts 



17. A piecer starts the frame. 



LESSON 16 



JUTE AND HEMP 



REELING 



YARN AND TWINE 




LEASING A SKEIN AND TAKING A SKEIN OFF THE REEL 



brings 

am 

put 

tie 

push 

winds 



1. The boxman brings the yarn to the winding room. 

2. I am a reeler. 

3. I put the bobbins of yarn on the rack. 

4. I tie the ends of the yarn on the rail. 

5. I push the shipper. 

6. The reel winds the yarn into skeins. 



stop 

tie 

take off 

lay 

takes 

cut out 

is 



7. I stop the reel. 

8. I tie the skeins with lease bands. 

9. I take the skeins off the reel. 

10. I lay the skeins on the floor beside the reel. 

11. A weigher takes away the skeins. 

12. I cut fish out of the yarn. 

13. Fish is bad yarn. 



dye 
dry 



14. We dye some yarn. 

15, We dry dyed yarn in the dry loft. 



LESSON 16 



JUTE AND HEMP TUBE AND SKEIN WINDING 




WINDING YARN ON TUBES 
LOOK OUT FOR THE EYE ON THE TRAVERSE BAR 



YARN, TWINE 
AND WEBBING 




SKEIN WINDING — PUTTING SKEIN ON A 
SWIFT 



works 

puts 

puts 

holds 

winds 



1. Anna works on a winding frame. 

2. She puts the bobbins on the bobbin spindles. 

3. She puts tubes on the spindle at the top of the winder. 

4. A lever holds a spindle and a tube. 

5. The winding frame winds the yarn on the tube. 



sees 6. Anna sees fish in the yarn, 

cuts 7. She cuts out the fish, 

cuts 8. She cuts both ends of the yarn. 

ties 9. She ties the ends together, 

ties 10. She ties a small knot. 

keeps away 11. She keeps her fingers away from the eye of the traverse bar. 

winds 12. Anna winds yarn from bobbins. 

wind 13. I wind yarn from skeins. 

is 14. There is a swift under my winding frame. 

put 15. I put a skein of yarn on the swift. 

winds 16. My winding frame winds the yarn on tubes. 



LESSON 17 



JUTE AND HEMP 



FILLING AND COP WINDING 



YARN AND WEBBING 











STARTING A TUBE ON A FILLING WINDER 



TAKING A FINISHED COP FROM COP WINDER 



work 

wind 

brings 

put 

put 

put 

turn 

Start 



1. I work on a filling winder. 

2. I wind filling for the weave room. 

3. The box man brings yarn on bobbins. 

4. I put the bobbins on spindles. 

5. I put the yarn through the eyes. 

6. I put the yarn through the stop motion. 

7. I turn the yarn around a tube. 

8. I start the filling winder. 



breaks 
stops 
tie 
make 



9. The yarn breaks. 

10. The stop motion stops the filling winder. 

11. I tie the ends. 

12. I make a small knot. 



works 
winds 
winds 



13. Mary works on a cop winder. 

14. She winds yarn from tubes. 

15. She winds yarn on a spindle. 



LESSON 18 



JUTE AND HEMP 



TWISTING 



YARN, TWINE 
AND WEBBING 




PIECING AN END ON A TWISTING FRAME 



work 

brings 

put 

pull 

twist 

twists 

is 

keep up 



1. I work on a twisting frame. 

2. The boxman brings tubes of yarn from the winding rooms. 

3. I put the tubes on the creel pins. 

4. I pull three ends of yarn around the drawing rolls. 

5. I twist the three ends of yarn around the bobbins. 

6. The flyer twists the yarn. 

7. The yarn is three-ply yarn. 

8. I must keep up the three ends of yarn. 



twists 

is 

hit 

was sore 

is careful 



9. Mary twists four ends of yarn on her twisting frame. 

10. The yarn is four-ply yarn. 

11. A flyer hit Mary's finger. 

12. Mary's finger was very sore. 

13. She is careful now. 



takes 

is 
winds 



14. The boxman takes some of the twisted yarn back to the winding 

room. 

15. The twisted yarn is on bobbins. 

16. The winder winds the twisted yarn on tubes. 



LESSON 19 



JUTE 



DRESSING AND WEAVING 



WEBBING 





TENDING A DRESSING MACHINE AND REPAIRING 
A BROKEN END OF WARP 



BEAMS FROM THE DRESSING MACHINE 
WEBBING LOOMS READY FOR WEAVING 



brings 1. The boxman brings the yarn to the dressing machine. 

puts 2. The dressing machine puts starch in the yarn. 

is stiff 3. The yarn is stiff. 

winds 4. The dressing machine winds the yarn on beams. 

marks 5. The dressing machine marks the cuts. 

are 6. All the cuts on a beam are the same length. 

does not put 7. The dresser tender does not put his hands on the compressor roll. 



am 

work 

brings 

takes 

puts 

ties 

pull 

pull 

puts 



8. I am a weaver. 

9. I work on a webbing loom. 

10. The beam boy brings full beams from the dressing machine. 

11. The beam boy takes the empty beams from my loom. 

12. He puts full beams on my loom. 

13. The tier-in ties the ends of yarn on the beam to the ends in the loom. 

14. I pull the ends of warp yarn through the harness. 

15. I pull the ends through the reed. 

16. The filling carrier puts a box of filling on the loom. 



LESSON 20 



JUTE 



WEAVING 



WEBBING 




DANGER: HAND CAUGHT BETWEEN SHUTTLE AND BREAST BEAM 



call 
put 
carries 

move 

weaves 

beat 



1. I call the yarn on the beam the warp. 

2. I put a tube of filling in the shuttle. 

3. The shuttle carries the filling back and forth between the warp 

threads. 

4. The harnesses move the warp threads up and down. 

5. The shuttle weaves the webbing. 

6. The lay and the reed beat the filling threads close together. 



breaks 

stop 

tie 

pull 

puU 

start 

hold 

keep 



7. A warp thread breaks. 

8. I stop the loom. 

9. I tie a new thread to the broken warp. 

10. I pull the thread through the harness. 

11. I pull the thread through the reed. 

12. I start the loom. 

13. I hold the broken warp thread in my fingers. 

14. I keep my fingers off the edge of the breast beam. 



does not crush 15. The shuttle does not crush my fingers. 



LESSON 21 



JUTE 



HAND BALE BREAKING AND BREAKER CARDING 



MARLINE 




BREAKING BALE OF JUTE BY HAND 



works 

is 

cuts 

breaks 

pulls out 

chops 

puts 



1. Joe works in the marline mills. 

2. He is a bale breaker. 

3. He cuts the bale ropes with a hatchet. 

4. He breaks up the bale with a hammer. 

5. He pulls out a head of jute with his hands. 

6. He chops the head into two pieces with his hatchet. 

7. He puts the jute into a box. 



goes 
soften 
put 
leave 



8. The jute goes through the softeners. 

9. The softeners soften the jute. 

10. The box men put the jute into batching bins. 

11. They leave the jute in the batching bins. 



take 

take 

feeds 

spreads 

combs 



12. The boxmen take the jute out of the bins. 

13. They take it to a double breaker card. 

14. John feeds the jute into the double breaker card. 

15. John spreads the jute evenly on the feed sheet. 

16. The double breaker card combs the jute. 



LESSON 22 



JUTE 



TUBING 




TWINE AND 
MARLINE 




PASSING ENDS OF YARN THROUGH 
A DIE ON A TUBER 



THE FLYER BROKE HER THUMB 



comes 

is 

put 

put 

put 

push 

drop 

wind 

wind 

drop 

pull 

twists 



1. Yarn comes to the tuber from the card room. 

2. The yarn is on bobbins. 

3. I put the bobbins of yarn on the creel. 

4. I put the end of yarn through the die. 

5. I put an empty bobbin in the flyer. 

6. I push the spindle through the bobbin. 

7. I drop the spindle latch. 

8. I wind the ends of yarn around the flyer. 

9. I wind the ends around the bobbin. 

10. I drop the cage. 

11. I pull the shipper. 

12. The tuber twists the yarn. 



left up 
forgot 
put 
broke 



13. Anna left her cage up. 

14. She forgot. 

15. She put her hand against the flyer. 

16. The flyer broke her thumb. 



LESSON 23 



JUTE 



LAYING 



MARLINE 




PUTTING THE SPINDLE THROUGH A BOBBIN ON A LAYER 



works 

puts 

puts 

puts 

winds 

drops 

pulls 
twists 



1. Mary works on a layer. 

2. She puts the bobbins of rove into the creel flyer. 

3. She puts the ends of rove through the porcelain eye. 

4. She puts the ends through a steel die. 

5. She winds the ends around the flyer and bobbin 

6. She drops the cage. 

7. She pulls the shipper. 

8. The creel flyer twists the rove hard. 



is full 9. The bobbin on the large flyer is full. 

stops 10, Mary stops the layer. 

lifts 11. Then she lifts the cage. 

pulls up 12. She pulls up the spindle latch. 

takes out 13. She takes out the spindle and bobbin. 



did not attend 14. Rose did not attend to her work, 

ran 15. She ran to Anna's machine, 

slipped 16. She slipped. 

was out 17. She was out for three days. 



LESSON 24 



JUTE AND HEMP 



POLISHING 




TWINE AND 
MARLINE 




FILLING STARCH BOX OF POLISHING MACHINE 



CLEANING HARD STARCH FROM ROLLS OF 
POLISHING MACHINE 



am 

brings 

put 

draws 

draws 

draws 

winds 

dries 

winds 

makes 



1. I am a polisher. 

2. The boxman brings the marline from the layer. 

3. I put the bobbins of marline on the creel of the polishing machine. 

4. The machine draws the marline over the scrub rolls. 

5. The machine draws the marline through the starch boxes. 

6. The machine draws the marline under the polisher rolls. 

7. The marline winds around the cylinder. 

8. The hot cylinder dries the marline. 

9. The spindle box winds the marline on empty bobbins. 
10. The polishing machine makes the marline smooth. 



clean 
clean 
keep 

keep 



11. I clean the hard starch off the polisher rolls. 

12. I clean the hard starch off the cylinder. 

13. I keep the starch boxes filled with hot starch. 

14. I keep my hands off the moving rolls. 



LESSON 26 



JUTE AND HEMP 



BALLING 




TWINE AND 
MARLINE 




BALLING MACHINE 



MULTIPLE BALLING MACHINE — BINDING A 
BALL OF TWINE 



balls 

puts 

puts 

starts 

balls 



1. Rose balls twine on a balling machine. 

2. She puts a bobbin of twine on the spindle. 

3. She puts the end through the flyer. 

4. She starts her balling machine. 

5. The balling machine balls the twine. 



stops 6. Rose stops the machine. 

takes off 7. She takes the ball off the spindle. 

puts 8. She puts it on her scales. 

weighs 9. It weighs one-half pound. 

binds 10. She binds the ball of twine. 

keeps away 11. She keeps her shears away from the flyer. 



works 
winds 
stops 



12. Mary works on a multiple bailer. 

13. The multiple bailer winds twelve balls. 

14. The multiple bailer stops itself. 



LESSON 26 



JUTE 



BALL BINDING AND WINDING ON REELS TWINE AND 

MARLINE 



-*r^ 




BINDING AND PACKING BALLS 
OF MARLINE 






n 1 "mrr 




WINDING MARLINE ON REELS 



brings 1. The boxman brings the large balls of marline to the ball presser. 

presses 2. The ball presser presses the balls in the middle, 

will not slip 3. The end of the marline will not slip off the ball, 

puts 4. The presser puts the balls of marline into baskets, 

brings 5. He brings the baskets to me. 



am 
bind 
puts 
packs 



6. I am a ball binder. 

7. I bind the end of the marline around the ball. 

8. The packer puts the balls into burlap bags. 

9. The press packs the balls tightly in the burlap bags. 



wind 

puts 

puts 

winds 

sews 



10. We wind some marline on reels. 

11. Joe puts a wooden reel on the reeling machine. 

12. He puts a spool of marline on the reeling machine. 

13. The reeling machine winds the marline on the reel. 

14. John sews burlap around the reel of marline. 



LESSON 27 



JUTE BUTTS 



OPENING 



BAGGING 




OPENING BALES OF JUTE BUTTS UNDER THE DROP HAMMER 



works 1. Manuel works in the bagging mill. 

opens 2. He opens bales of jute butts. 

cuts 3. He cuts the bale ropes with a hatchet. 

are short 4. Jute butts are short pieces of jute. 

are 5. They are the ends near the root of the jute plant. 



helps 6. Joe helps Manuel. 

put 7. They put a bale of jute butts on the conveyor. 

carries 8. The conveyor carries the bale under the hammer. 

is heavy 9. The hammer is very heavy. 

falls 10. It falls on the bale. 

breaks 11. It breaks up the bale. 

must not put 12. Manuel must not put his hands on the butts. 

will crush 13. The hammer will crush them. 

carries 14. The conveyor carries the jute to the butts separator and picker. 



JUTE BUTTS 



BUTTS PICKING AND BATCHING 



LZf:'^' 




"^ k 



Vr( #% 






LESSON 28 



BAGGING 



FEEDING JUTE BUTTS INTO A BUTTS SEPARATOR AND PICKER 



work 

take 

put 

carries 

carry 

wets 

pull 

cleans 



1. I work on a butts separator and picker. 

2. I take the butts from the conveyor of the hammer. 

3. I put the butts on the aprQn of the separator. 

4. The conveyor carries the butts to the feed rolls. 

5. The feed rolls carry the butts to the cylinder. 

6. Batching liquor wets the butts. 

7. The pins on the cylinder pull the butts apart. 

8. The cylinder cleans the butts. 



stops 9. A large bunch of jute stops the feed rolls. 

do not pull out 10. I do not pull out the bunch of jute. 

stop 11. I stop the picker. 

loosen 12. I loosen the rolls with a pinch bar. 

take out 13. Then I take out the bunch of jute. 

goes 14. The jute goes to the batching bins. 

blows 15. Air blows the jute through pipes to the batching bins. 



LESSON 29 



BUTTS AND 
BAGGING STOCK 



LINE AND JUTE PICKING 



BAGGING 





FEEDING SOFTENED JUTE BUTTS INTO LINE PICKER 



FEEDING STOCK INTO JUTE PICKER 



comes 1. Jute comes to the line pickers from the batching bins, 

comes 2. Jute comes through pipes to the line pickers, 

drops 3. The jute drops on the conveyor of the line picker. 

are 4. There are three pickers in a line picker, 

are 5. The line pickers are like butts pickers, 

break up 6. The line pickers break up the jute fibers. 



goes 7. The jute goes to the jute picker. 

puts 8. Frank puts the jute on the feed sheet of the jute picker. 

puts 9. He puts bagging on the feed sheet of the jute picker. 

tear 10. The pins on the cylinder tear up the bagging. 

mixes 11. The jute picker mixes the jute and bagging. 

put 12. Joe put his hand into a picker, 

did not stop 13. He did not stop the picker, 

tore 14. The cylinder tore ofif his hand. 

has 15. Now Joe has only one hand. 



LESSON 30 



BUTTS AND 
BAGGING STOCK 



BREAKER CARDING 



BAGGING 




SPREADING STOCK ON A OUNNY BKEAKtK CARD 




FRONT OF A GUNNY BREAKER CARD. 
HE USES A SLIVER PASSER 



works 
comes 
falls 



1. Antone works on a gunny breaker card. 

2. Stock comes to his breaker card from the jute pickers. 

3. The stock falls from the batching balcony. 



spreads 4. Antone spreads the stock evenly on the feed sheet. 

takes 5. The feed sheet takes the stock to the retaining rolls. 

goes 6. The jute goes to the cylinder. 

catch 7. The pins on the cylinder catch the jute. 

are 8. There are many pins on the worker and stripper rolls. 

clean 9. The pins clean the jute. 

straighten 10. The pins straighten the fiber. 

take 11. The doffer rolls take the jute from the cylinder. 

take 12. The drawing rolls take the jute to the conductor. 



puts 13. The can packer puts the jute through the condenser rolls, 

does not use 14. He does not use his hand, 

uses 15. He uses a sliver passer. 

falls 16. The sliver falls into a can. 



LESSON 31 



BUTTS AND 
BAGGING STOCK 



FINISHER CARDING 



BAGGING 





PIECING SLIVER ON THE BACK OF A 
FINISHER CARD 



CAN PACKER PASSING SLIVER THROUGH 
CONDENSER ROLLS 



works 


1. 


is 


2. 


feeds 


3. 


is 


4. 


makes 


5. 


is 


6. 


packs 


7. 


is stuck 


8. 


does not pull 


9. 


stops 


10. 


calls 


11 


pulls out 


12 


do not crush 


13 



Mary works on a gunny finisher card. 

Mary is a card back. 

She feeds sliver to the finisher card. 
4. The finisher card is like a breaker card. 

The finisher card makes the sliver thin. 
6. Anna is a four-can packer. 

She packs the sliver in the cans. 

A bunch is stuck in the condenser rolls. 

Anna does not pull it out with her fingers. 

She stops the card. 

She calls the second hand. 

The second hand pulls out the bunch. 

The rolls do not crush Anna's fingers. 



LESSON 32 



BUTTS AND 
BAGGING STOCK 



ROVING 



BAGGING 





A FRAME BACK PASSING SLIVER UNDER 
THE RETAINING ROLLS 



A FRAME FRONT PIECING AN END 



are 

am 

take 

feed 

keep 

spins 

makes 

winds 



1. The gunny roving frames are near the finisher card. 

2. I am a frame back. 

3. I take the cans from the finisher card. 

4. I feed the sliver to the retaining rolls. 

5. I keep my hands away from the gill pins. 

6. The flyer spins the rove. 

7. The flyer makes the rove hard. 

8. The flyer winds the rove on a bobbin. 



IS 

breaks 
pieces 
are full 
puts up 
take off 



9. Mary is a frame front. 

10. The rove breaks. 

11. Mary pieces the rove. 

12. The bobbins are full. 

13. Mary puts up a target. 

14. The doffers take off the bobbins. 



BUTTS AND 
BAGGING STOCK 



QUILLING 



LESSON 33 



BAGGING 




TAKING A FULL COP FROM A QUILLER 



brings 

puts 

puts 

turns 

winds 

calls 

makes 

stops 

takes 

puts 

calls 

takes 

takes 



1. The boxman brings the bobbins of yarn from the card room. 

2. Joe puts a bobbin on the quiller. 

3. He puts the end of the yarn around a spindle. 

4. The spindle turns. 

5. The spindle winds up the yarn. 

6. Joe calls the yarn on the spindle a cop- 

7. The cup makes the cop round. 

8. A spindle on the quiller stops. 

9. Joe takes the cop off the spindle. 

10. He puts the cop into a box. 

11. He calls the yarn on cops filling yarn. 

12. The trucker takes the yarn to the scales. 

13. The weaver takes the box of filling yarn to a loom. 



LESSON 34 



BUTTS AND 
BAGGING STOCK 



WEAVING 



BAGGING 




CREEL BOY PUTTING A FULL BOBBIN 
INTO THE CREEL 




WEAVER READY TO PUT A FULL SHUTTLE 
INTO A LOOM 



brings 

bring 

work 

is 

takes 

puts 



1. The weaver brings the filling yarn from the scales. 

2. The boxmen bring warp yarn from the roving frames. 

3. Joe and John work on a loom. 

4. Joe is a creel boy. 

5. Joe takes the empty bobbins from the creel. 

6. He puts full bobbins of warp yarn in the creel. 



IS 

pulls 

pulls 

puts 

slides 

throws 

carries 

weaves 

rolls 



7. John is a weaver. 

8. John pulls the ends of warp yarn through the harness. 

9. He pulls the ends through a reed. 

10. He puts a cop of filling yarn into the shuttle. 

11. John slides the shuttle into the lay. 

12. The picker stick throws the shuttle back and forth. 

13. The shuttle carries the filling between the warp yarn. 

14. The shuttle weaves the bagging cloth. 

15. The take-up roll rolls up the bagging. 



LESSON 35 



BUTTS AND 
BAGGING STOCK 



ROLLING 



BAGGING 





PUTTING A ROLL OF BAGGING ON THE 
STAND OF A ROLLING MACHINE 



THE BAGGING CAUGHT HIS HAND 



takes 

brings 

takes 

puts 

pulls 



1. A trucker takes bagging from the looms. 

2. He brings a roll of bagging to the scales. 

3. Joe takes the roll of bagging from the scales. 

4. He puts the roll of bagging on the stand. 

5. He pulls the bagging over the rolls. 



winds 6. Stanley winds the bagging around the bar. 

puUs 7. He pulls the shipper. 

does not wind 8. The bagging does not wind evenly on the bar. 

stops 9. Stanley stops the machine. 



did not stop 10. John did not stop his rolling machine. 

put 11. He put his hand on the bar. 

caught 12. The bagging caught his hand. 

wound 13. The bagging wound his arm on the bar. 

broke 14. The bar broke his arm. 



BUTTS AND 
BAGGING STOCK 



ROLLING (Continued) 



LESSON 36 



BAGGING 




SEWING AND WEIGHING ROLLS OF BAGGING 



puts 

will not burn 

will not catch fire 

put 

will not burn 



1. The rolling machine puts fireproofing liquor on the bagging. 

2. The fireproofing liquor will not burn. 

3. The bagging will not catch fire 

4. They put the bagging around bales of cotton. 

5. The bales of cotton will not burn. 



watches 

points 

stops 

cuts 

takes 



6. Stanley watches the clock on the rolling machine. 

7. The hand points to fifty (50). 

8. He stops the machine. 

9. He cuts the bagging with a knife. 

10. He takes the roll of bagging from the bar. 



sews 11. Joe sews up the roll of bagging, 

does not prick 12. Joe does not prick himself with the needle, 

weighs 13. Stanley weighs the roll of bagging, 

stamps 14. The stamping machine stamps the roll, 

takes 15. The loader takes the roll to the conveyor. 



LESSON 37 



HEMP 



RECEIVING AND SOFTENING YARN AND TWINE 




HEMP GROWING IN KENTUCKY 



grows 
grows 
grows 
grows 



1. American hemp grows in the United States. 

2. Kentucky hemp grows in the United States. 

3. Kentucky hemp grows in Kentucky. 

4. Italian hemp grows in Italy. 



comes 

put 

tie 



5. Hemp comes to Ludlow in freight cars. 

6. They put hemp in bales. 

7. They tie the bales with rope or wire. 



cut 

are 

put 

carries 

are 

have 

turn 

make 



8. I cut the rope with a hatchet. 

9. There are many streaks of hemp in a bale. 

10. I put the hemp into the softener. 

11. The apron carries the hemp to the rolls. 

12. There are many rolls in the softener. 

13. The rolls have long grooves in them. 

14. The rolls turn. 

15. The rolls make the hemp soft. 



LESSON 38 



HEMP 



SOFTENING (Continued) 



YARN AND TWINE 




FEEDING HEMP INTO A SOFTENER 



carries 

puts 

takes 



1. The apron of the softener carries the hemp to the catcher. 

2. The catcher puts the streaks of hemp into a box. 

3. A boxman takes the hemp to a piecer. 



is 
makes 



4. Joe is a piecer. 

5. Joe makes small streaks of hemp. 



takes 

puts 

goes 

puts 

takes 

puts 

leaves 

is soft 

keep 



6. A boxman takes the hemp to another softener. 

7. The feeder puts the streaks of hemp on the apron. 

8. The hemp goes through the rolls. 

9. The softener puts emulsion on the hemp. 

10. John takes the hemp from the softener. 

11. He puts the hemp into boxes. 

12. He leaves the hemp in boxes. 

13. Then the hemp is very soft. 

14. The overseer says: "Keep the covers on the gears." 



LESSON 39 



THE FINISHED PRODUCTS 




TWINES, YARNS, WEBBING AND BAGGING 



make 

make 

send 

are 

are 

send 

send 



1. We make many things from jute and hemp in Ludlow. 

2. We make carpet yarn. 

3. We send carpet yarn to carpet mills. 

4. There are carpet mills in New York State. 

5. There are carpet mills in Pennsylvania. 

6. We send carpet yarn to other states. 

7. We send carpet yarn to Canada. 



make 

send 

use 



8. We make twine and marline in Ludlow. 

9, We send twine and marline to all the states in the United States. 
10. They use twine for tying up bundles. 



make 
sell 
use 
tie 



11. We make post office twine. 

12. We sell post office twine to the United States. 

13. They use post office twine in the post office. 

14. They tie up letters with post office twine. 



THE FINISHED PRODUCTS (Continued) 



LESSON 40 





HUB BAGGING, SHOWING BAGGING ON ROLLS 
AND COVERING ON COTTON BALE 



AXMINSTER LOOM IN CARPET MILL, 
SHOWING JUTE YARN USED FOR FILLING 



make 

send 

send 

send 

put 



1. We make bagging in Ludlow. 

2. We send the bagging to the South. 

3. We send bagging to Galveston. 

4. We send bagging to Memphis. 

5. They put bagging around the bales of cotton. 



make 

send 

send 

use 

put 

use 

use 

use 

send 



6. We make webbing. 

7. We send webbing to automobile factories. 

8. We send webbing to furniture factories. 

9. They use webbing for seats. 

10. They put webbing under the seats. 

11. They use webbing in New York State. 

12. They use webbing in Michigan. 

13. They use it in other states. 

14. We send the bagging and webbing in freight cars. 



LESSON 41 



GETTING A JOB 
EMPLOYMENT DEPARTMENT 




I TAKE JOE TO THE EMPLOYMENT OFFICE 



is 1. Joe is my friend. 

wants 2. Joe wants a job. 

take 3. I take Joe to the employment office. 

does not speak 4. Joe does not speak much English. 



wants 5. I tell Mr. : " Joe wants a job." 

sit down 6. Mr. says: "Please sit down." 

want 7. He asks Joe: "What kind of a job do you want?" 

want 8. Joe says: "I want a job on a card." 

says 9. Mr. says: " What is your name?" 

tells 10. Joe tells him: "Joe Santos." 

do live 11. Mr. says: "Where do you live?" 

live 12. Joe says: " I live at Street." 

are married 13. Mr. says: "Are you married?" 

have 14. Joe says: " Yes, and I have three children." 

did work 15. Mr. asks: "Where did you work before?" 

worked 16. Joe says: "I worked in a cotton mill." 

tells 17. Mr. tells Joe to go to the doctor. 



LESSON 42 



GETTING A JOB (Continued) 
HEALTH DEPARTMENT 




STANLEY GOES WITH JOE TO THE DOCTOR 



goes 

says 

sit down 

do come 

will examine 

does not understand 

will not let 

will help 

will help 

will not let 

will 

worked 

did not examine 

lifted 

was weak 

is 



1. Stanley goes with Joe to Doctor . 

2. He says: " Good morning, Doctor ." 

3. The doctor says: " Good morning, please sit down." 

4. Joe asks: "Why do I come to the doctor?" 

5. Stanley says: " The doctor will examine you." 

6. Joe does not understand. 

7. He says: " The doctor will not let me work." 

8. Stanley tells Joe: "The doctor will help you." 

9. Joe asks: " How will the doctor help me? " 

10. Stanley says: " The doctor will not let you hurt yourself." 

11. The doctor says: "I will tell you about Stephen." 

12. " Stephen worked in another town." 

13. " The doctor at the factory did not examine Stephen." 

14. " One day Stephen lifted a heavy box." 

15. " Stephen's heart was weak." 

16. " Now Stephen is sick." 



LESSON 43 



GETTING A JOB (Continued) 
HEALTH DEPARTMENT 




THE DOCTOR EXAMINES JOE 



understands 1. Joe understands. 

will examine 2. He says: "Doctor, will you examine me?" 

will examine 3. Doctor says: "Yes, I will examine you." 

will know 4. Joe will know about his heart, 

will not hurt 5. He will not hurt his heart, 

examines 6. The doctor examines Joe's heart, 

examines 7. He examines Joe's throat, 

examines 8. He examines Joe's lungs. 

are all right 9. Doctor says: " Joe, you are all right." 

can work 10. " You can work on any job." 

gives 11. The doctor gives Joe a card. 

thank 12. Joe says: " Thank you, doctor." 

takes 13. Joe takes the card to the employment office. 

gives 14. Mr. gives Joe a job in Mill Number One. 



LESSON 44 



GETTING A JOB (Concluded) 
THE MILL 




THE OVERSEER TELLS JOE ABOUT THE BREAKER CARD 



gives 

tells 

reads 

reads 

gives 

take 

sends 



1. Mr. gives Joe a paper. 

2. The paper tells about " Safety First." 

3. Joe reads Portuguese. 

4. Joe reads the paper. 

5. Mr. gives Joe another paper. 

6. He says: " Take this paper to the superintendent." 

7. Mr. sends a boy with Joe. 



shows 

takes 

takes 

takes 

tells 

tells 

spreads 

works 



8. The boy shows Mill Number One to Joe. 

9. He takes Joe to the superintendent's office. 

10. The superintendent takes Joe to the card room 

11. The overseer takes Joe to a breaker card. 

12. The overseer tells Joe about the breaker card. 

13. The overseer tells Joe about " Safety " in the mill 

14. Joe spreads jute on the breaker card. 

15. Joe works every day. 



LESSON 46 



SPECIAL SERVICE 
SERVICE DEPARTMENT 



ask 1. I ask Joe: "Are you a citizen of the United States?" 

says 2. Joe says: " No, I am not a citizen of the United States." 

have been 3. I ask: " How long have you been in the United States? " 

want 4. Joe says: " Five months. I want to be a citizen." 

can get 5. I say: "You can get your first papers." 

does not know 6. Joe does not know how to get his first papers, 

goes 7. He goes to the service department, 

helps 8. Mr. helps Joe. 



has 
pay 

must pay 
cannot read 



9. John has a tax paper from the government. 

10. We all pay taxes. 

11. John must pay an income tax. 

12. John cannot read. 



does not understand 13. He does not understand the paper. 

takes 14. John takes the paper to Mr. . 

reads 15. Mr. reads the paper. 

helps 16. He helps John. 



LESSON 46 



MINOR INJURIES 
HEALTH DEPARTMENT 




HE HAD A SLIVER IN HIS FINGER 



is 1. Joe is a boxman. 

had 2. He had a sliver in his finger. 

did not hurt 3. It did not hurt him. 

pulled out 4. He pulled it out. 

must go 5. I said: " Joe, you must go to the doctor." 

laughed 6. Joe laughed. 

hurt 7. The next day Joe's finger hurt him. 

must go 8. I said: " Joe, you must go to the doctor." 

did not go 9. He did not go. 

was swelled 10. The next day Joe's finger was swelled. 

hurt 11. It hurt him. 



went 12. Joe went to the doctor. 

is infected 13. The doctor said: "Your finger is infected." 

cut 14. The doctor cut Joe's finger. 

hurt 15. It hurt Joe very much. 

had 16. Today Joe had another sliver in his hand. 

went 17. He went to the doctor at once. 



LESSON 47 



MEDICAL ATTENTION 
HEALTH DEPARTMENT 




THE DOCTOR GIVES MARY SOME MEDICINE 



work 

works 

am going 

ask 

says 

do not go 

go 

tells 

is right 

goes 

gives 

goes back 

feels 

did not lose 



1. I work in the spinning room. 

2. Mary works in the spinning room. 

3. Mary says: " I am going home." 

4. I ask her: "What is the matter, Mary?" 

5. She says: " I am sick." 

6. I say: "Do not go home." 

7. "Go and see Dr. ." 

8. Mary tells the overseer. 

9. The overseer says: "That is right, Mary, go and see Dr. 

10. Mary goes to the First Aid Room. 

11. Dr. gives Mary some medicine. 

12. Mary goes back to work. 

13. She feels better. 

14. Mary did not lose any pay. 



LESSON 48 



GOOD HEALTH 
HEALTH DEPARTMENT 




I LIKE TO WORK IN MY GARDEN 



are never sick 


1. 


am well 


2. 


keep well 


3. 


eat 


4. 


eat 


5. 


eat 


6. 


have 


7. 


like 


8. 


raise 


9. 


eat 


10. 


do not eat 


11. 


drink 


12. 


open 


13. 


is 


14. 



I say to Frank: " You are never sick." 
Frank says: "No: I am always well." 
I ask Frank: " How do you keep well? " 
4. He says: " I eat good food." 

In the summer I eat vegetables." 

I eat fruit." 

I have a garden." 

I like to work in the garden." 

I raise potatoes, cabbages, beans, corn, lettuce and onions." 

I eat fresh vegetables from my garden." 

In the summer I do not eat much meat." 

I drink much water." 

We keep our windows open." 
14. Frank is right. 



LESSON 49 



GOOD HEALTH (Continued) 
HEALTH DEPARTMENT 




I WASH MY HANDS AND FACE 



put on 1. I put on my clothes in the morning. 

wash 2. I wash my hands and face. 

clean 3. I clean my teeth. 

have 4. I have good teeth. 

clean 5. I clean my teeth every day. 

put on 6. I put on clean clothes. 

come home 7. In the evening I come home. 

wash 8. I wash my hands and face. 

take 9. I take a bath every week. 

wear 10. In the summer I wear cool clothes. 

wear 11. In the winter I wear an overcoat. 

wear 12. In the winter I wear rubbers. 

keep 13. I keep my shoes dry. 

am not sick 14. I am not sick. 



LESSON 60 



CARE OF BABIES 
HEALTH DEPARTMENT 









IN SUMMER SHE KEEPS HER BABY COOL 



lives 1. My sister lives in Ludlow. 

is married 2. She is married. 

keeps 3. She keeps her house very clean. 

keeps 4. In summer she keeps the flies out of her house. 

has 5. She has a baby. 

make 6. Flies in the house make babies sick. 

is well 7. Her baby is well. 

gives 8. She gives her baby good milk. 

keeps 9. In summer she keeps the milk on ice. 

washes 10. She washes her baby every day. 

keeps 11. In summer she keeps her baby cool. 

does not put 12. She does not put too many clothes on him. 

does not give 13. She does not give him medicine. 

asks 14. She asks the doctor. 



LESSON 61 



GENERAL SAFETY 




I WEAR OVERALLS 



works 1. Anna works on a spinning frame, 

takes 2. She takes the cover off the gears, 

does not stop 3. She does not stop the spinning frame. 

cleans 4. She cleans the gears with a cloth, 

catch 5. The gears catch the cloth, 

pulls 6. She pulls, 

catch 7. The gears catch her fingers, 

cut 8. The gears cut off her fingers. 



wears 
pins 
catches 
chokes 



9. Rose wears a shawl. 

10. She pins it around her neck. 

11. The flyer catches her shawl. 

12. The shawl chokes Rose. 



wear 13. I wear overalls. 

does not catch 14. The machinery does not catch my clothes. 

do not wear 15. I do not wear ear-rings. 



LESSON 62 



GENERAL SAFETY (Continued) 




THE TRAIN MAY KILL ME 



is 




1. 


It is five o'clock. 


stops 




2. 


My machine stops. 


wash 




3. 


I wash my hands and face. 


go 




4. 


I go downstairs. 


do not 


run. 


5. 


I do not run. 


runs 




6. 


Anna runs downstairs. 


falls 




7. 


She falls. 


hurts 




8. 


She hurts her arm. 


cross 




9. 


I cross the tracks. 


am careful 


10. 


I am careful. 


walk 




11. 


I walk on the path. 


do not 


walk 


12. 


I do not walk on the track: 


may kill 


13. 


The train may kill me. 



LESSON 53 



THE HOME 




I KEEP THE YARD CLEAN 



live 1. I live on Street. 

walk 2. I walk home from work. 

see 3. I see a broken bottle in the street. 

will pick up 4. I say to John: " I will pick up the broken bottle." 

is 5. ** Street is a clean Street." 

must not throw 6. " We must not throw things into the street." 



is 7. There is a yard around my house. 

keep 8. I keep the yard clean 

does not throw 9. My wife does not throw cans and paper into the yard. 

puts 10. She puts them into a box. 

puts 11. She puts garbage into a pail. 

puts 12. She puts a cover on the pail. 

do not get 13. Flies do not get into the garbage. 

takes away 14. A man takes away the garbage. 

have 15. I have a clean yard. 



LESSON 54 



THE HOME (Continued) 



have 1. I have grass in my yard. 

cut 2. In the summer I cut the grass. 

play 3. My children play on the grass. 

have 4. I have flowers in my yard. 

have 5. I have roses. 

says 6. My wife says: "The roses are pretty." 

have 7. I have a garden. 

dig 8. I dig my garden. 

plant 9. I plant seeds in my garden. 

plant 10. I plant corn and beans and onions. 

grow 11. They grow. 

oat 12. We eat corn and beans and onions from my garden. 

are good 13. They are good. 

do not need 14. We do not need to buy vegetables in the summer. 

save 15. We save money. 



LESSON 55 



THE HOME (Concluded) 





SHE WASHES THE FLOOR IN THE KITCHEN 



SHE OPENS THE WINDOW IN THE BEDROOM 



keeps 1. My sister keeps her house clean. 

washes 2. She washes the floor in the kitchen. 

throws 3. She throws the water in the sink. 

does not throw 4. She does not throw the water into the yard. 

cleans 5. She cleans the stove. 

washes 6. She washes the window. 

makes 7. She makes the bed. 

puts 8. She puts clean sheets on the bed. 

opens 9. She opens the window in the bedroom. 

is open 10. The window is open in the summer. 

is open 11. The window is open in the winter. 

has 12. She has good air in the bedroom. 

has 13. She has screens on the doors and windows. 

keep out 14. In the summer the screens keep out the flies. 

has 15. She has a clean house. 



LESSON 56 



THE VILLAGE CLUB HOUSE 








'I AM GOING TO THE VILLAGE CLUB HOUSE' 



is 1. Joe is my brother. 

lives 2. He lives in my house. 

eats 3. In the evening Joe eats his supper. 

am going out 4. He says: " I am going out." 

are going 5. I say: " Where are you going, Joe? " 

am going 6. He says: "I am going to the village club house." 

play 7. " I play basket-ball." 



does go 
plays 
bowled 
beat 



8. I ask him: "Does Stanley go to the village club house?" 

9. He says: "Yes. Stanley plays pool." 

10. " Last week Stanley and I bowled." 

11. " Stanley beat me." 



can swim 12. I ask Joe: " Can you swim?" 

says 13. He says: " Yes. There is a swimming pool at the village club house." 

learned 14. "I learned to swim in the swimming pool." 

pay 15. " I pay my dues for three months." 



LESSON 67 



THE VILLAGE CLUB HOUSE 




THE SWIMMING CLASS 



IS 

goes 
is hot 
takes 
is 
learns 



1. Rose is a doffer. 

2. She goes to the village club house, 

3. She is hot. 

4. She takes a bath. 

5. There is a swimming pool in the village club house. 

6. Rose learns to swim. 



IS 

goes 
pays 



7. In winter there is a cooking class in the village club house. 

8. Mary goes to the cooking class. 

9. Mary pays her dues for three months. 



goes 
goes 
do go 
says 
go 



10. My little sister goes to the village club house. 

11. She goes in the afternoon. 

12. I ask her: " Why do you go to the village club house? " 

13. She says: " There is a dancing class." 

14. "I go to the dancing class." 



LESSON 58 



GENERAL RECREATION 



eat 1. In the evening I eat my supper, 

go 2. My wife says: "Let us go to the movies." 

will go 3. I say: " Yes, we will go to the movies." 

go 4. My wife and I go to the movies together. 

plays 5. Stanley plays ball, 

plays 6. He plays ball on Saturday, 

go 7. I go to the ball game, 

take 8. I take my little boy. 

save 9. We save money. 

go 10. We go to the store. 

buy 11. We buy a good phonograph. 

buy 12. We buy records. 

have 13. We have music in our house. 

comes 14. My sister comes to our house. 

have 15. We have music for her. 



LESSON 69 



SAVING 




'WE WILL BUY A HOUSE" 



get paid 


1. 


take 


2. 


needs 


3. 


must buy 


4. 


pays 


5. 


will pay 


6, 


will pay 


7. 


have 


8, 


help 


9. 


save 


10. 


bought 


11. 


lives 


12. 


has 


13, 


will buy 


14, 


will have 


15 



I get paid every week. 

I take my money home. 

My wife needs money. 

She must buy food and clothes. 

She pays for food and clothes. 

She does not say: " I will pay you next week." 

She says: " I will pay you now." 

8. We have five Liberty Bonds. 
We help the Government. 
We save money. 

My brother bought a house. 
He lives in the house. 
He has a garden. 

14. My wife says: "We will buy a house." 

15. I say: " We will have a garden." 



LESSON 60 



SAVING (Continued) 




I PUT SOME MONEY INTO A BANK 



buy 1. I buy Thrift Stamps. 

change 2. I change my Thrift Stamps for War Savings Stamps. 

help 3. I help the Government. 

save 4. I save money. 

do not sell 5. I do not sell my War Savings Stamps. 



put 



6. I put some money into a good bank. 

7. A good bank is safe. 



kept 


8 


saw 


9 


is gone 


10. 


asked 


11 


stole 


12 


said 


13 


will buy 


14 


will help 


15 



John kept his money in his house. 

I saw John to-day. 

John said: ** My money is gone." 

I asked: "Where is your money?" 

John said: " Someone stole it." 

I said: " My money is in a safe bank." 

14. My wife and I will buy a house. 

15. The bank will help us. 



